Angular cheilitis, also known as perleche, is a common condition characterized by inflammation, redness, and painful cracks at the corners of the mouth. This condition can cause significant discomfort, making everyday activities such as eating and speaking difficult.

What Causes Angular Cheilitis?

Angular cheilitis can develop due to various factors, including:

• Fungal or Bacterial Infections: The most common cause is Candida albicans, a type of yeast that thrives in moist environments.
• Excessive Saliva Accumulation: Saliva collects at the corners of the mouth, creating a damp environment where bacteria and fungi can thrive.
• Vitamin Deficiencies: Deficiencies in iron, zinc, and B vitamins weaken the immune system and increase susceptibility.
• Dry or Chapped Lips: Individuals prone to dry lips often experience cracking, which can lead to infections.
• Weakened Immune System: People with conditions like diabetes, HIV, or autoimmune diseases are more vulnerable to angular cheilitis.
• Ill-Fitting Dentures or Braces: Poorly fitting dental appliances cause irritation and excessive saliva buildup.

Symptoms of Angular Cheilitis

• Painful cracks or splits at the corners of the mouth
• Redness and inflammation
• Swelling around the affected areas
• Crusting or scabbing
• Burning or itching sensation
• Bleeding in severe cases

Why You Should Avoid Licking Your Lips

Licking your lips might seem like a quick fix for dryness, but it actually exacerbates angular cheilitis. Here’s why:

• Increases Moisture: A damp environment allows fungi and bacteria to multiply rapidly.
• Removes Natural Oils: Constant licking strips away the natural protective barrier, making lips more prone to cracks.
• Worsens Irritation: Saliva contains enzymes that can irritate and weaken the already compromised skin.
• Delays Healing: The repeated exposure to moisture prevents the cracks from sealing properly, prolonging recovery time.

Effective Treatments for Angular Cheilitis

1. Keep the Area Dry and Clean

• Gently cleanse with warm water and mild soap to remove debris.
• Pat the area dry using a soft towel instead of rubbing.
• Apply a thin layer of petroleum jelly or a protective balm to prevent further irritation.

2. Use Antifungal or Antibacterial Creams

• If caused by a fungal infection, clotrimazole or miconazole creams can be effective.
• For bacterial infections, mupirocin or fusidic acid ointments work well.
• Consult a doctor for prescription-strength medication if symptoms persist.

3. Boost Your Nutrition

• Increase intake of vitamin B2 (riboflavin), iron, and zinc through foods like spinach, eggs, and lean meats.
• Consider a multivitamin supplement if deficiencies are suspected.

4. Avoid Irritants

• Refrain from using flavored lip balms or spicy foods that can aggravate symptoms.
• Replace old lip products that might be harboring bacteria.

5. Strengthen Your Immune System

• Drink plenty of water to stay hydrated.
• Maintain a balanced diet with nutrient-rich foods.
• Get enough rest and exercise to support overall health.

Preventing Angular Cheilitis in the Future

To prevent future outbreaks, follow these best practices:

• Moisturize Regularly: Apply a protective lip balm to prevent dryness and cracking.
• Practice Good Oral Hygiene: Brush and floss daily to keep oral bacteria in check.
• Address Underlying Conditions: Manage diabetes, anemia, or any other health issues that may contribute.
• Use Properly Fitted Dental Appliances: If you wear dentures or braces, ensure they fit correctly to prevent saliva pooling.

When to See a Doctor

If your symptoms persist despite home remedies or worsen over time, consult a dermatologist or healthcare provider. They can assess whether you need prescription-strength antifungal, antibacterial, or steroid treatments.

By taking the right precautions and avoiding habits like licking your lips, you can effectively manage and prevent angular cheilitis.