Angular cheilitis, a condition characterized by the inflammation and cracking at the corners of the mouth, is both uncomfortable and unsightly. While this condition can affect individuals of all ages, it is particularly common in people who wear dentures, have certain nutritional deficiencies, or suffer from a weakened immune system. Fortunately, angular cheilitis is treatable with the right approach. In this article, we will explore how to effectively treat angular cheilitis and prevent its recurrence.

Understanding Angular Cheilitis

Angular cheilitis, also known as perleche or angular stomatitis, occurs when the skin at the corners of the mouth becomes irritated, cracked, and inflamed. This condition can lead to pain, discomfort, and even bleeding, making it difficult to perform everyday tasks like eating or speaking. There are several factors that contribute to the development of angular cheilitis, including:

• Fungal or bacterial infections: Most commonly caused by the Candida albicans fungus or the Staphylococcus aureus bacteria.
• Nutritional deficiencies: A lack of essential nutrients such as iron, zinc, or B vitamins can weaken the skin and make it more susceptible to infections.
• Saliva accumulation: Excessive saliva due to poorly fitting dentures or constant lip licking can create a moist environment where bacteria and fungi thrive.
• Immune system issues: A compromised immune system, often due to conditions like HIV or diabetes, increases the risk of developing angular cheilitis.

Symptoms of Angular Cheilitis

The symptoms of angular cheilitis vary from person to person, but they typically include:

• Cracking, redness, or soreness at the corners of the mouth
• Pain when opening the mouth, eating, or speaking
• Swelling and inflammation in the affected area
• Bleeding or oozing in severe cases
• Crusty or scaly patches around the corners of the mouth

How to Treat Angular Cheilitis Effectively

If you or someone you know is suffering from angular cheilitis, the good news is that it is treatable. Here are several effective treatment options to help manage and eliminate the condition:

1. Antifungal Treatments

Since Candida albicans, a type of fungus, is often the main cause of angular cheilitis, antifungal creams or ointments can be highly effective. Over-the-counter antifungal medications such as clotrimazole, miconazole, or ketoconazole are commonly recommended to fight fungal infections. Apply the ointment to the affected area as directed, typically two to three times a day.

For more severe cases, your doctor may prescribe a stronger antifungal medication or oral antifungal pills. It’s important to continue treatment for the full recommended duration, even if symptoms improve, to prevent the infection from returning.

2. Topical Antibiotics

If the angular cheilitis is caused by a bacterial infection, topical antibiotics such as mupirocin or fusidic acid may be necessary. These antibiotics target the bacteria responsible for the infection and help reduce inflammation and redness. Apply the antibiotic ointment to the corners of your mouth as prescribed by your healthcare provider.

3. Moisturizing Lip Balms and Creams

Dry, cracked skin at the corners of the mouth can worsen the discomfort caused by angular cheilitis. Keeping the area moisturized is crucial in the healing process. Look for lip balms or emollient creams that contain ingredients like petroleum jelly, lanolin, or beeswax. These ingredients create a barrier that locks in moisture and prevents further cracking.

4. Addressing Nutritional Deficiencies

Nutritional deficiencies, particularly in iron, zinc, and B vitamins, can contribute to the development of angular cheilitis. If a deficiency is suspected, consider getting a blood test to check your levels. If a deficiency is detected, your doctor may recommend dietary changes or supplements to restore balance. Foods rich in iron, zinc, and B vitamins include leafy greens, lean meats, eggs, nuts, and fortified cereals.

5. Maintaining Proper Oral Hygiene

Good oral hygiene is essential to preventing and treating angular cheilitis. Regularly brushing your teeth and cleaning your dentures (if you wear them) can help prevent the buildup of bacteria and fungi around the mouth. Make sure to clean the corners of your mouth as well, but be gentle to avoid further irritation.

If you wear dentures, ensure they fit properly to prevent the accumulation of saliva at the corners of your mouth. Consider using a denture adhesive or consulting your dentist for a better-fitting set of dentures.

6. Home Remedies for Angular Cheilitis

While it’s important to use medical treatments, some natural remedies may also help alleviate symptoms and speed up the healing process. Consider the following:

• Coconut oil: Known for its antifungal and moisturizing properties, coconut oil can be applied to the affected area to soothe irritation and promote healing.
• Aloe vera: The soothing and anti-inflammatory properties of aloe vera can help reduce redness and swelling. Apply aloe vera gel directly to the affected area for relief.
• Honey: Honey has natural antibacterial and antifungal properties. Dab a small amount of honey on the affected area and leave it for 10–15 minutes before rinsing off.

7. Preventing Recurrence

Once your angular cheilitis has healed, it’s important to take steps to prevent it from recurring. Maintain good hygiene, avoid excessive lip licking, and use a high-quality lip balm to protect your skin from drying out. If you wear dentures, ensure they fit properly and clean them regularly to avoid irritation.

Conclusion

Angular cheilitis is a common but treatable condition that can cause significant discomfort. By using antifungal or antibiotic treatments, moisturizing the affected area, addressing any nutritional deficiencies, and maintaining proper oral hygiene, you can effectively manage and treat angular cheilitis. If your condition persists or worsens, it’s important to consult with a healthcare provider for further evaluation and treatment.